{"id":2391,"date":"2022-12-02T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-02T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mdbc2.wpenginepowered.com\/blog\/common-symptoms-and-treatments-for-multiple-sclerosis\/"},"modified":"2022-12-02T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-12-02T05:00:00","slug":"common-symptoms-and-treatments-for-multiple-sclerosis","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/blog\/common-symptoms-and-treatments-for-multiple-sclerosis\/","title":{"rendered":"Common Symptoms and Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/multiple-sclerosis-nmosd-enduring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multiple sclerosis<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, or MS, is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. While the exact cause is unknown, the leading theory suggests an unknown substance triggers the immune system, causing it to attack myelin, the fatty covering over the nerves.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As inflammation and myelin breakdown occur, scarring or sclerosis develops, interrupting nerve signals throughout the nervous system. The result is problems with vision, movement, thinking, muscle strength, and eventually disability.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Anyone can get MS, but it is two to three times more common in women between the ages of 20 and 50. MS also affects white people more often and is most common in areas farther from the equator, though not everyone in these locations has the same risk.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some areas, like Canada and the Middle East, have a high or increasing prevalence of multiple sclerosis. <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlasofms.org\/map\/global\/epidemiology\/number-of-people-with-ms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Canada<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, 250 per 100,000 people have multiple sclerosis, while <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.atlasofms.org\/map\/global\/epidemiology\/number-of-people-with-ms\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Israel<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0sees 141 cases per 100,000.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What Are Early Symptoms?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Multiple sclerosis is unpredictable and affects people differently. Relapsing-remitting MS causes acute symptoms with periods of remission, while other types may progress rapidly or slowly. Early MS might also be confused with other conditions. Symptoms include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Problems with vision<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bowel or urinary problems<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pain<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fatigue<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trouble thinking<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Depression\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Numbness and tingling<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Slurred speech<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><b>What Are Current MS Treatments?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/multiple-sclerosis-nmosd-enduring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Treatment for MS<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0is divided into two groups: treatment for relapse or flare-ups and long-term disease-modifying therapies. The type of treatment will depend on the severity of the MS and the general health and age.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Disease-modifying Therapies (DMT)\u00a0<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The goal of DMT is to slow down the progression of multiple sclerosis. These medications usually target the immune system and include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Immunomodulators:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Medications that lower immune cell action, such as teriflunomide<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Monoclonal antibodies:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Drugs that lower the frequency of attacks, like ocrelizumab<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Interferons:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Proteins that shorten and reduce the severity of attacks, like interferon beta-1b or beta-1a<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Nrf2 activators:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0Drugs that lower inflammation and stop nerve damage, like dimethyl fumarate<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Glatiramer acetate:\u00a0<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A drug that lowers relapse rates and severity of disease<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Monoclonal antibodies, interferons, and glatiramer acetate are often the first treatments used. Studies suggest monoclonal antibodies are highly effective against MS, with a <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7704606\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">49 to 69 percent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0reduction in annual relapse rate, depending on the drug. Some immunomodulators and Nrf2 activators are also moderately effective and lower the annual relapse rate by <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7704606\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">48 to 60 percent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b>Acute Relapse Treatment<\/b><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The goal of acute relapse or flare-up treatment is to dampen or interrupt immune activity, which helps manage symptoms and slow attacks. The most common treatment is high-dose methylprednisone pulse therapy, which can improve symptoms <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/articles\/10.3389\/fimmu.2019.01200\/full\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">within days<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. For steroid-refractory cases, plasmapheresis is effective, reducing symptoms by <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6827054\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">66 to 86 percent<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>What Are the Side Effects of Therapies?<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All MS medications have <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/multiple-sclerosis-nmosd-enduring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">side effects<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, most of which are flu-like symptoms or injection site reactions, though other, more severe side effects exist. Common adverse effects of DMT vary by the drug but can include:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Headache<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rash<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Allergic reaction<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Urinary tract infections<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Upper respiratory infections<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fever<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fatigue<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nausea\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Diarrhea<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Elevated liver enzymes<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Low lymphocyte counts<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Patients can manage minor side effects with over-the-counter medicines, but liver enzymes and lymphopenia should be monitored with blood work. <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7704606\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some drugs<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0have less common but serious side effects with long-term use. For example, a known risk of monoclonal antibodies and immunomodulators is a rare, opportunistic brain infection from the John Cunningham virus. Some drugs may also have cancer and hepatotoxicity risks.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Common Patient Questions About MS<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After a diagnosis, your patients will have questions. They may want to know the impact MS will have on their life, their prognosis, the <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/multiple-sclerosis-nmosd-enduring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">treatments available<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">, and the possible side effects. Patients may also seek your opinion, guidance, and even reassurance on the best treatment for their case.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An MS diagnosis can cause significant fear and anxiety for the patient and their family. The best approach to any questions is to offer a compassionate discussion about the disease and treatments available while giving the patient accurate facts. Discuss their options based on the current guidelines and the associated risks, and share your insight on the best course of action.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, patient emotional needs may also extend beyond the limited time available in a clinical setting. Access to therapy, clinical nurse support, and support groups can help patients come to terms with their new diagnosis. <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7367720\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Studies<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0suggest patient support groups can help new MS patients gain positive perceptions.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><b>Stay Up to Date With MDBriefCase<\/b><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Understanding multiple sclerosis and the emerging data on treatments and trends is critical to patient care. Explore a variety of <\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/multiple-sclerosis-nmosd-enduring\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">multiple sclerosis courses<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00a0by joining the MDBriefCase community for free to stay current on clinical guidelines.<\/span><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Multiple sclerosis, or MS, is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. While the exact cause is unknown, the leading theory suggests an unknown substance triggers the immune system, causing it to attack myelin, the fatty covering over the nerves. As inflammation and myelin breakdown occur, scarring or sclerosis develops, interrupting nerve [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2392,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[64],"class_list":["post-2391","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deep-understandingfurther-educationlearning-and-development"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Common Symptoms and Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis - MDBriefCase<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/blog\/common-symptoms-and-treatments-for-multiple-sclerosis\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Common Symptoms and Treatments for Multiple Sclerosis - MDBriefCase\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Multiple sclerosis, or MS, is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal cord. While the exact cause is unknown, the leading theory suggests an unknown substance triggers the immune system, causing it to attack myelin, the fatty covering over the nerves. 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