{"id":2378,"date":"2022-11-11T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2022-11-11T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mdbc2.wpenginepowered.com\/blog\/prostate-cancer-the-latest-screening-and-treatment-guideline\/"},"modified":"2022-11-11T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2022-11-11T05:00:00","slug":"prostate-cancer-the-latest-screening-and-treatment-guideline","status":"publish","type":"blog","link":"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/blog\/prostate-cancer-the-latest-screening-and-treatment-guideline\/","title":{"rendered":"Prostate Cancer: The Latest Screening and Treatment Guideline"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Worldwide, prostate cancer is the <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/31068988\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">second<\/a> most frequent cancer diagnosis made in men and the fifth leading cause of death.<sup> <\/sup>&nbsp;In Canada, <a aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" href=\"https:\/\/cancer.ca\/en\/cancer-information\/cancer-types\/prostate\/statistics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">24,600<\/a> men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2022, representing 20 percent of all new cancer cases in men, and 4,600 Canadian men will die from it. On average, 67 Canadian men are diagnosed with prostate cancer every day, and 13 die from it.  About 99 percent of cases occur in men aged 50 and over.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Currently, there is no evidence on how to prevent prostate cancer; however, it is possible to reduce the risk of developing it. The risk factors are well known. In addition to nonmodifiable risk factors such as age, ethnicity, genetic factors, and family history, prostate cancer has been positively associated with factors men can control, such as increased consumption of saturated animal fat and red meat, limited intake of fruits and vegetables, insufficient vitamin levels, obesity, and inactivity. Other linked factors include inflammation, hyperglycemia, infections, and environmental exposure to chemicals or ionizing radiation. Clearly, there is a role for clinicians to play in making patients aware of the risk factors and counselling them on healthy lifestyle options.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Staging<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Prostate cancer is divided into four stages that describe how far the cancer has spread:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>cancer that is present but not detectable by digital rectal exam (DRE) or imaging<\/li><li>tumour that is palpable in DRE but is confined to the prostate<\/li><li>cancer that has penetrated the prostate capsule<\/li><li>cancer that has metastasized to other organs<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Fortunately, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.canada.ca\/content\/dam\/phac-aspc\/documents\/services\/publications\/diseases-conditions\/prostate-cancer\/cancer-prostate-eng.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">74 percent <\/a>of prostate cancers in Canadian men are detected in the early stages, and the probability of surviving at least five years after diagnosis is about 93 percent.<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are a number of tests that are used singly or in combination to determine what stage prostate cancer has progressed to, including DRE, PSA blood test, ultrasound, biopsy, bone scan, MRI, and PET scan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Screening for Prostate Cancer<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The mortality rate in North America and most other western countries has been declining in recent years. Although there is no clear indication of why this is happening, there is speculation that it may reflect a combination of early detection and improved treatment. A mainstay of early detection has been the PSA blood test; however, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6497009\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">studies<\/a> have produced conflicting evidence about its value. A randomized control trial in the US failed to demonstrate benefits of PSA testing in decreasing prostate cancer deaths, while other research conducted in Europe showed benefits of PSA testing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In 2014 the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care published <a href=\"https:\/\/canadiantaskforce.ca\/canadian-task-force-recommends-against-screening-for-prostate-cancer\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">guidelines<\/a> that recommended against PSA screening for prostate cancer, stating that available evidence does not conclusively show that PSA screening will reduce prostate cancer mortality, but that it clearly shows an increased risk of harm. Among the harms cited are:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>excessive numbers of false positive results<\/li><li>short-term complications such as infections and additional surgeries<\/li><li>long-term erectile dysfunction<\/li><li>urinary incontinence<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Since the release of the 2014 Task Force guidelines, there have been <a href=\"https:\/\/systematicreviewsjournal.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/10.1186\/s13643-022-02099-9\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener nofollow\">new studies<\/a> and updates. Updates of two systematic reviews and a <em>de novo<\/em> review will be conducted to synthesize the evidence on the benefits and harms of screening for prostate cancer with a DRE and\/or PSA test. Findings from the planned systematic reviews will inform the Task Force on the update of the recommendations for primary care clinicians on screening for prostate cancer in adults.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Keep Your Knowledge Current<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As the landscape changes with regard to prostate cancer, it is critical for clinicians to keep up with the latest developments. Explore the most timely and clinically-relevant educational resources focused in the area of prostate cancer at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oncologyeducation.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">OncologyEducation<\/a>, including the following session:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.oncologyeducation.com\/videos\/best-of-oncology-west-2022-prostate-gu-cancer-dr-steven-yip\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Best of Oncology West: 2022 Prostate GU Cancer \u2013 Dr. Steven Yip<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Join <a href=\"https:\/\/www.oncologyeducation.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" aria-label=\"undefined (opens in a new tab)\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">OncologyEducation<\/a> for free, or access the courses using your MDBriefCase member account.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>OncologyEducation and MDBriefCase are members of the Think Research family of companies.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Worldwide, prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosis made in men and the fifth leading cause of death. &nbsp;In Canada, 24,600 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2022, representing 20 percent of all new cancer cases in men, and 4,600 Canadian men will die from it. On average, 67 Canadian men [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":2379,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false},"categories":[72],"class_list":["post-2378","blog","type-blog","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-deep-understandingfurther-education"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Prostate Cancer: The Latest Screening and Treatment Guideline - MDBriefCase<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mdbriefcase.com\/fr\/blog\/prostate-cancer-the-latest-screening-and-treatment-guideline\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_CA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Prostate Cancer: The Latest Screening and Treatment Guideline - MDBriefCase\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Worldwide, prostate cancer is the second most frequent cancer diagnosis made in men and the fifth leading cause of death. &nbsp;In Canada, 24,600 men will be diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2022, representing 20 percent of all new cancer cases in men, and 4,600 Canadian men will die from it. 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